ISED presented its report at WIPO

ISED presented its report at WIPO

by | Nov 27, 2024 | International, research

On November 25-26, WIPO hosted its first Global Research Experts Meeting on Improving Gender and Diversity in Intellectual Property (IP) and Innovation, a forum where academics, researchers, and policy experts from all over the world will convene to discuss emerging issues related to diversity and inclusion in innovation. ISED-wb was among the selected participants and is pleased to share the report on Woman in STEM in the Western Balkans that was presented.

This topic is crucial topic for socioeconomic growth in the Western Balkans. Greater representation of women in these high-impact fields can fuel innovation, meet labor demands, and contribute to EU integration efforts. Research presented examines gender disparities in STEM fields in the WB, shows current state, identifying barriers, ongoing initiatives, and potential strategies for fostering greater inclusion of women in these sectors, provide recommendations on good practices.

Source: Jelena Magnin presents the report at WIPO

Head of Development, Jelena Magnin, presented the report which addresses gender disparities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields in the Western Balkans. Despite progress in educational attainment, women remain significantly underrepresented in these professions, particularly in leadership roles, across the region. This paper identifies a research gap in the understanding of gender disparities in  and examines the current state of policies addressing these issues. Data is synthesed  from a variety sources including World Bank, UNDP, and national statistical offices, to bridge the gaps in existing research. The analysis reveals that while some countries have made small progress in promoting gender diversity in STEM but persistent challenges—including deep-rooted gender stereotypes, cultural norms, and structural barriers—continue to hinder women’s participation and advancement. A significant obstacle is the lack of comprehensive, gender-disaggregated data, which complicates efforts to develop effective, targeted policies. Additionally, critical data on other factors such as women’s participation in innovation, the number of patents filed by women, the representation of women entrepreneurs, and the extent of gender budgeting remains largely unavailable. This data scarcity highlights the urgent need for clear policy directives that prioritize the collection and analysis of such information to inform future research and policy development.

This research presents unique cross-regional insights and recommends actionable steps to enhance gender equality in STEM and beyond. These include improving data collection, strengthening regional cooperation, fostering supportive work environments, and implementing gender-focused policies and mentorship programs. Addressing these challenges and building on regional and international partnerships will be crucial for the Western Balkans to close the gender gap in STEM, driving sustainable development and supporting their EU integration efforts.

 

Full report
70 Years of CERN: The Western Balkans’ Journey in Global Scientific Collaboration

70 Years of CERN: The Western Balkans’ Journey in Global Scientific Collaboration

by | Sep 29, 2024 | International, research

This September, CERN celebrates 70 years of pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery. As the world reflects on the groundbreaking achievements of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, it’s important to ask: where do the Western Balkans stand in this journey of scientific excellence?

Picture: For the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Pavle Jaksic

Yugoslavia’s Early Role in CERN’s Formation

On September 29th, 1954, 12 nations came together to create CERN, with the mission of fostering collaboration and advancing our understanding of the universe. Among those founding members was Yugoslavia. The inclusion of Yugoslavia in this historic scientific endeavor was notable, as it was a politically neutral entity during the Cold War. This decision demonstrated the region’s early commitment to international cooperation, scientific research, and technological advancement. However, Yugoslavia’s involvement with CERN was cut short in 1961 due to financial constraints and shifting political priorities. The nation’s departure from CERN marked the end of a brief but promising era of scientific engagement with one of the world’s leading research institutions.

The Western Balkans and CERN Today: Serbia Leading the Charge

Fast forward to today, the Western Balkans have once again begun to reconnect with CERN. Serbia has taken the lead in this scientific resurgence. After decades of absence, Serbia rejoined CERN in 2012 as an associate member and in 2019, it became a full member. This marked a significant step forward, allowing Serbian scientists and institutions to actively contribute to some of the world’s most advanced scientific experiments, including the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

As a full member, Serbia not only contributes to CERN’s budget but also benefits from participating in cutting-edge research and industrial collaborations. Serbian industries have started to engage more with CERN’s procurement system, though reports indicate that Serbia is still in a “poorly balanced” position in terms of industrial returns. Despite this, the relationship holds great promise for future growth. Serbian researchers and students have also been given the opportunity to train and collaborate in projects such as ATLAS, CMS, and ISOLDE, positioning Serbia as a key regional player in particle physics research.

Bosnia’s Ongoing Engagement

While Serbia has led the way, and Croatia holds associate membership, in 2021 Bosnia and Herzegovina signed an International Cooperation Agreement with CERN, signaling its intent to strengthen scientific collaboration. Bosnian students and researchers have participated in CERN’s summer programs and educational initiatives, indicating the potential for increased involvement in the years to come.

SEEIIST: A New Chapter for Regional Scientific Cooperation

Beyond direct collaborations with CERN, the Western Balkans have taken another promising step toward scientific development through the South-East European International Institute for Sustainable Technologies (SEEIIST). This ambitious project aims to foster regional cooperation in scientific research, with a focus on medical and nuclear technologies. Inspired by CERN’s collaborative model, SEEIIST seeks to promote peace and development in the region through science. The project not only echoes CERN’s original mission of “science for peace” but also provides a platform for the Western Balkans to engage in large-scale international scientific projects, which are crucial for regional development.

Challenges for Full Participation

Despite these advances, challenges remain for the Western Balkans in their journey with CERN. Financial constraints are a significant barrier for many nations in the region. Full membership requires substantial contributions, which can be difficult for countries still rebuilding their scientific infrastructure after years of political and economic turmoil. Serbia, like other member states, benefits from participating in cutting-edge research and industrial collaborations and its industries have the opportunity to engage with CERN`s procurement system, but reports indicate that Serbia is still in a “poorly balanced” position in terms of industrial returns. This means that there is an unexplored potential for collaboration between Serbian enterprises and CERN.

The Way Forward: Strengthening the Region’s Scientific Base

The Western Balkans have the potential to play an increasingly important role in the world’s most significant scientific endeavors. However, this will require continued investment in science education, research infrastructure, and regional cooperation. Greater collaboration between Western Balkan countries and CERN could drive regional development, knowledge transfer, and innovation—creating a scientific legacy for the region. Projects like The South East European International Institute for Sustainable Technologies (SEEIIST), an institution for transferring public research results on a global market, alongside efforts to deepen individual countries’ relationships with CERN, could help the region transcend its past challenges. Scientific progress doesn’t happen in isolation; it requires the shared effort of researchers, institutions, and governments working toward common goals.

A Call to Action As CERN celebrates its 70th anniversary, it’s crucial to recognize the progress made by the Western Balkans and to build on this momentum. Countries have already shown that they can make meaningful contributions to international science. By continuing to invest in their scientific futures, the Western Balkans can become a key player in humanity’s ongoing quest to understand the universe. The region have the talent, ambition, and potential to contribute to global scientific achievements, and by strengthening ties with institutions like CERN, the region can secure its place in the future of science.
Relations between India and the Western Balkans: A Comprehensive Overview

Relations between India and the Western Balkans: A Comprehensive Overview

by | Sep 24, 2024 | International

This September, CERN celebrates 70 years of pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery. As the world reflects on the groundbreaking achievements of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, it’s important to ask: where do the Western Balkans stand in this journey of scientific excellence?

Historical Context

India’s ties with the Balkans date back to the Cold War era, when India and Yugoslavia shared a common vision through the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). Under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and Yugoslavia’s Josip Broz Tito, the NAM became a platform for countries that sought to maintain neutrality in the context of the Cold War’s bipolar world order. Although Yugoslavia has since dissolved, India’s interest in the region has remained, albeit subdued.

However, after the dissolution of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s and the subsequent Balkan Wars, India’s engagement with the region decreased, with more pressing domestic and regional concerns taking precedence. Despite this, there has been a renewed interest from India in the Western Balkans over the last decade, as India’s foreign policy looks toward expanding its diplomatic and economic footprint globally.

Political Engagement

The country`s involvement with the Western Balkans has been relatively limited compared to its interactions with other regions, but their aspirations for European Union integration and their post-conflict political stabilization, present a unique opportunity for India to engage as a partner that respects sovereignty and multilateralism. Hence, there has been steady increase in diplomatic exchanges in recent years.

Several high-level diplomatic meetings have taken place, particularly between India and Serbia, which have shared historical ties. In 2018, India’s Vice President Venkaiah Naidu visited Serbia, reaffirming the bilateral relationship and exploring opportunities for cooperation in sectors such as agriculture, defense, and technology. Similarly, India’s Ministry of External Affairs has engaged with other Western Balkan countries, primarily through multilateral forums such as the United Nations and the NAM.

Economic Relations

This topic is still at a nascent stage, with trade volumes relatively low compared to other European regions. However, there is potential for growth, particularly in sectors such as information technology, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy, where India has global expertise. Indian IT companies, which have a strong presence in Eastern Europe, are slowly recognizing the untapped potential of the Western Balkans as a nearshore outsourcing destination, offering a skilled workforce at competitive rates.

India has also been exploring opportunities in the manufacturing sector, particularly through its “Make in India” initiative. The Western Balkans, located at the crossroads of Europe, can serve as a strategic gateway for Indian businesses looking to enter the European market. Conversely, Balkan companies, especially those in agribusiness, textiles, and energy, could benefit from exploring India’s vast consumer market and growing industrial base.

One of the key barriers to deeper economic cooperation remains the lack of robust infrastructure and institutional frameworks to facilitate trade and investment. Indian businesses have been cautious about investing in a region that is still undergoing post-conflict reconstruction and EU accession processes, which can bring both uncertainty and opportunity.

Cultural Diplomacy and Soft Power

Long employed in cultural diplomacy as a tool to enhance its global footprint, India has its influence in the Western Balkans as well. The popularity of Indian cinema, particularly Bollywood, has found an audience in the region, creating an informal but impactful channel for cultural exchange. Festivals celebrating Indian culture, yoga, and spiritualism are also gaining traction in the region, fostering goodwill and enhancing people-to-people ties.

Embassies in the region have been active in promoting the cultural diplomacy, organizing events such as the International Day of Yoga and celebrating India’s Independence Day with local communities. Additionally, educational exchange programs between Indian and Balkan universities have the potential to grow, with more students from the region expressing interest in the diverse academic offerings, particularly in the fields of science, technology, and engineering.

Strategic and Security Considerations

Althought there are no immediate security concerns in the Western Balkans, India still views the region through the broader lens of its relations with Europe and NATO. Its geographic location makes it strategically important, especially given the country’s growing naval and economic interests in the Mediterranean and the broader European continent.

It is important to mention the growing influence of BRICS  powers in the region as China and Russia have made significant inroads in the region through investments in infrastructure (China’s Belt and Road Initiative) and defense cooperation (Russia’s historical ties and energy influence). India, by contrast offers a non-aligned and development-focused alternative, which could appeal to Balkan nations seeking diversified partnerships especially in the times of conflict in Europe.

This relationship faces several challenges, including geographic distance, limited political interaction, and modest economic ties. The Western Balkans’ EU accession process provides a potential avenue for deeper cooperation, Additionally, India’s emphasis on digital diplomacy and sustainable development can align well with the Western Balkans’ efforts to modernize their economies and infrastructure.

Conclusion

The relationship between India and the Western Balkans is still evolving, shaped by historical ties, mutual interests, and contemporary geopolitical dynamics. While trade and political engagement remain limited, there is significant potential for growth, particularly in sectors such as technology, culture, and education. As India continues to expand its global influence, the Western Balkans may emerge as a region where India can play a constructive role, balancing its strategic interests with its longstanding commitment to sovereignty, development, and multilateralism.

This relationship, if nurtured through sustained diplomatic efforts and economic initiatives, could prove beneficial for both India and the Western Balkans, contributing to peace, stability, and prosperity in a rapidly changing world.

 

The Summit of the Future: A Global Vision and its Implications for the Western Balkans

The Summit of the Future: A Global Vision and its Implications for the Western Balkans

by | Sep 23, 2024 | International

The Summit of the Future, held at the United Nations Headquarters in New York on September 20-21, 2023, represents a critical juncture in global governance. Aimed at addressing the urgent challenges of our time—ranging from escalating geopolitical tensions to climate change and digital divides—the summit’s overarching goal is to chart a sustainable, peaceful, and equitable future for all nations. The event underscores the need for a comprehensive international framework capable of tackling these challenges in an increasingly interconnected world.

At the heart of the summit is the Pact for the Future, which calls for renewed multilateral cooperation, reforms in the global governance system, and efforts to ensure that international institutions are equipped to handle 21st-century problems. Specifically, the summit’s focus areas include:

  • Peace and Security: The UN’s New Agenda for Peace emphasizes the need for diplomacy, conflict prevention, and reforming multilateral institutions, such as the Security Council, to be more representative and effective.
  • Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication: Addressing poverty, social inequality, and ensuring a just transition to a sustainable economy are key pillars of the summit.
  • Digital Governance and Technological Transformation: The Global Digital Compact aims to bridge the digital divide, regulate emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, and safeguard human rights in the digital sphere.
  • Climate Action: Acknowledging the climate crisis as a “threat multiplier” for global instability, the summit advocates for urgent, cooperative action on environmental degradation and disaster preparedness.

While these goals are global in scope, the summit offers a unique opportunity for regions like the Western Balkans to align their national strategies with international frameworks. The participation of Western Balkan nations underscores their commitment to addressing these global challenges.

Addressing Poverty and Inequality in the Western Balkans

The Western Balkans have made notable progress in poverty reduction over the past decade, but substantial challenges remain. For example, Serbia has seen declining poverty rates, though regional inequalities persist, particularly in rural areas. In Kosovo, poverty levels are among the highest in Europe, with over 20% of the population living below the poverty line. These countries are working to align their national strategies with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on job creation, education, and social safety nets to combat poverty.

Several governments have implemented policies aimed at fostering economic growth and reducing disparities. For instance, Albania has launched initiatives to boost small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and address youth unemployment. However, the region continues to face significant obstacles in closing the development gap with Western Europe.

Climate Vulnerability and Environmental Action

The Western Balkans are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Rising temperatures, unpredictable weather patterns, and water shortages are affecting agriculture and energy production across the region. Many countries have embraced renewable energy strategies to address these challenges, with North Macedonia and Albania adopting ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to cleaner energy sources.

Nevertheless, these efforts are often hindered by insufficient funding, lack of infrastructure, and political instability. In Montenegro, for example, efforts to protect biodiversity and reduce pollution are often complicated by weak regulatory frameworks and competing economic interests, particularly in tourism and heavy industry. The Summit of the Future’s emphasis on global climate cooperation provides a platform for the Western Balkans to seek international support and strengthen their resilience to environmental threats.

Bridging the Digital Divide

In the digital domain, the Western Balkans face a significant gap in infrastructure, especially between urban and rural areas. While Serbia and Montenegro have made strides in expanding internet access, rural regions and underserved populations remain largely disconnected from the digital economy. The summit’s Global Digital Compact highlights the importance of closing this divide, both in terms of ensuring equitable access to digital tools and protecting against the threats posed by cybercrime, misinformation, and the misuse of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence.

Countries in the region have recognized the potential of digital transformation to drive economic growth and social inclusion. Kosovo, for instance, has emerged as a regional leader in IT and digital entrepreneurship, with a growing number of tech startups and government initiatives to foster innovation. However, much work remains to be done to bring the entire region up to par with global digital standards.

Conclusion: A Shared Global Vision

The Summit of the Future is a timely call to action for countries around the world, including those in the Western Balkans. By aligning their national priorities with the summit’s global agenda—particularly in areas like poverty eradication, climate action, and digital governance—these countries can contribute to and benefit from the international push for a more sustainable and equitable future. While significant challenges remain, the participation of the Western Balkans in this high-level dialogue signals their willingness to embrace multilateral solutions to both regional and global problems.

The summit offers a blueprint for collective action, recognizing that no nation can tackle these complex issues in isolation. For the Western Balkans, this means not only addressing their internal challenges but also playing a proactive role in shaping the international system of the future.

ISED participated in European Language for Peace initiative

ISED participated in European Language for Peace initiative

by | Sep 5, 2024 | European Union

The European Day of Languages on 26 September and this year it is celebrated under the motto of “Languages for peace” – highlighting how linguistic diversity and language education can play a key role in promoting a culture of peace, living together and democracy.

Western Balkans has more than 10 official languages spoken across the region and is very diversified region. Hence, Institute for Socioeconomic Development of the Western Balkans decided to join this wonderful initiative and has celebrated European Language day. If you like languages, or your organization likes to organize similar initiatives, the institute is inviting you to join this wonderful call. A huge choice of resources is on offer on the dedicated EDL website, among the new ones are: ‘20 ideas for this year’s European Day of Languages’, a brochure for young people providing an insight into some of Europe’s regional and minority languages, a series of posters with interesting language trivia, a guide for pronouncing Irish names, a ‘secret agent’s’ language challenges app; a language-inspired board game called “Linguine” and well as a host of initiatives and competitions.

Languages are more than a means of communication—they are a gateway to understanding our shared history and values. As the world becomes more connected, the ability to speak and learn multiple languages is a vital tool for building inclusive and sustainable communities.💬

*picture credits: Amazing maps

 

Balkan states and their EU path

Balkan states and their EU path

by | Aug 22, 2024 | European Union

The Western Balkans stand at a pivotal juncture in their pursuit of European Union (EU) integration. While the promise of EU membership has long symbolized stability and economic prosperity, recent developments suggest a complex and evolving landscape.

 

EU Engagement and Investment

In November 2023, the European Commission adopted the Growth Plan for the Western Balkans, aiming to integrate these partners into the EU’s single market, advance regional economic cooperation, and deepen EU-related reforms. This initiative includes a €6 billion Reform and Growth Facility for the period 2024-2027, designed to accelerate the socio-economic convergence of the Western Balkans with the EU.

This substantial investment underscores the EU’s commitment to strengthening ties with the region. However, the path to full integration remains fraught with challenges, including the necessity for unanimous approval from existing EU member states—a process susceptible to delays due to differing national interests.

Geopolitical Dynamics

The Western Balkans occupy a strategic position in Europe’s geopolitical framework. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has heightened the significance of this region as a gateway for energy routes and as a buffer zone for European security. The EU’s efforts to diversify energy supplies and reinforce its southeastern borders have brought the Western Balkans into sharper focus. Notably, Serbia’s recent agreements with the EU on critical raw materials and electric vehicle battery manufacturing illustrate a shift towards deeper economic integration with Europe, despite historical ties with Russia.

Internal Challenges and Regional Cooperation

Despite these advancements, internal challenges persist. Political resistance within certain EU member states, coupled with the Western Balkans’ own struggles with governance reforms, impede progress. The European Commission’s 2021 reports highlighted concerns about the lack of progress in areas such as the rule of law and fundamental rights, echoing reservations about expansion among some influential member states.

Nevertheless, regional cooperation initiatives, such as the Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), have shown promise. Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama has expressed optimism about enhancing CEFTA mechanisms to better prepare for EU membership, aiming for readiness by 2030.

The Path Forward

The trajectory towards EU integration for the Western Balkans is complex and multifaceted. While significant investments and strategic importance provide momentum, internal reforms and political will remain crucial. The region’s young, dynamic population presents a unique opportunity for innovation and growth, potentially serving as a catalyst for overcoming existing challenges.

In conclusion, the Western Balkans are at a crossroads where the convergence of EU engagement, geopolitical shifts, and internal dynamics will determine their future within the European landscape. The coming years will be critical in shaping this trajectory, requiring concerted efforts from both the region and the EU to realize the longstanding vision of integration.